What is a common consequence of prolonged exposure to radiation?

Prolonged exposure to radiation is widely recognized as a significant health concern, primarily due to the damage it can cause to cellular structures and DNA. One of the most critical long-term consequences is an increased risk of cancer. Radiation can lead to mutations in DNA, which may result in uncontrolled cell growth and the development of tumors. This risk is cumulative, meaning that the more prolonged or intense the exposure is, the higher the likelihood of harmful effects, including cancer.

In contrast, the other options suggest outcomes that are not supported by scientific evidence. Enhanced immune system function, improved healing rates, and higher energy levels are not recognized consequences of radiation exposure; instead, radiation is known to suppress the immune system and hinder the body’s natural healing processes, along with causing fatigue and other health issues. Thus, the understanding of the increased cancer risk constitutes a pivotal element of radiation safety and radiation protection protocols.